Portal:Biography

A page from the first edition of Foxe's Book of Martyrs, published in 1563
Third Volume of a 1727 edition of Plutarch's Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans printed by Jacob Tonson
Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Cover of the first English publication, J. Parson's, London, 1793

A biography, or simply bio, is a detailed description of a person's life. It involves more than just basic facts like education, work, relationships, and death; it portrays a person's experience of these life events. Unlike a profile or curriculum vitae (résumé), a biography presents a subject's life story, highlighting various aspects of their life, including intimate details of experience, and may include an analysis of the subject's personality. (Full article...)

Featured biographies

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Meshuggah performing at Rock am Ring 2018

Meshuggah (/məˈʃʊɡə/) is a Swedish extreme metal band formed in Umeå in 1987. Since 2004, the band's lineup consists of founding members Jens Kidman (lead vocals) and Fredrik Thordendal (lead guitar), alongside rhythm guitarist Mårten Hagström, drummer Tomas Haake and bassist Dick Lövgren. Since its formation, the band has released nine studio albums, six EPs and eight music videos. Their latest studio album, Immutable, was released in April 2022 via Atomic Fire Records.

Meshuggah has become known for their innovative musical style and their complex, polymetered song structures and polyrhythms. They rose to fame as a significant act in extreme underground music, became an influence for modern metal bands, and gained a cult following. The band was labelled as one of the ten most important hard rock and heavy metal bands by Rolling Stone and as the most important band in metal by Alternative Press. In the late 2000s, the band was an inspiration for the djent subgenre. (Full article...)
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Uncle Tupelo was an alternative country music group from Belleville, Illinois, active between 1987 and 1994. Jay Farrar, Jeff Tweedy, and Mike Heidorn formed the band after the lead singer of their previous band, The Primitives, left to attend college. The trio recorded three albums for Rockville Records, before signing with Sire Records and expanding to a five-piece. Shortly after the release of the band's major label debut album Anodyne, Farrar announced his decision to leave the band due to a soured relationship with his co-songwriter Tweedy. Uncle Tupelo split on May 1, 1994, after completing a farewell tour. Following the breakup, Farrar formed Son Volt with Heidorn, while the remaining members continued as Wilco.

Although Uncle Tupelo broke up before it achieved commercial success, the band is renowned for its impact on the alternative country music scene. The group's first album, No Depression, became a byword for the genre and was widely influential. Uncle Tupelo's sound was unlike popular country music of the time, drawing inspiration from styles as diverse as the hardcore punk of Minutemen and the country instrumentation and harmony of the Carter Family and Hank Williams. Farrar and Tweedy's lyrics frequently referred to Middle America and the working class of Belleville. (Full article...)
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The FitzWalter coat of arms: d'or ung fece entre deux cheverons de goules ('Or, a fess gules between two chevrons of the last'). The arms are a differenced version of those of de Clare, the senior branch of the family.

John FitzWalter, 2nd Baron FitzWalter (Fitzwalter or Fitz Wauter; c. 1315 – 18 October 1361) was an English baron and gang leader in the 14th-century. He was a prominent Essex landowner best known for his criminal activities, particularly around Colchester. His family was of a noble and ancient lineage, with connections to the powerful de Clare family, who had arrived in England at the time of the Norman Conquest. The FitzWalters held estates across Essex, as well as properties in London and Norfolk. John FitzWalter played a prominent role during the early years of King Edward III's wars in France, and at some point, FitzWalter was married to Eleanor Percy, the daughter of Henry, Lord Percy.

FitzWalter built a strong affinity around him, mainly from among leading members of the county's gentry, but also including men from elsewhere, such as a Norfolk parson. At their head, FitzWalter waged an armed campaign against the neighbouring town of Colchester, almost from the moment he reached adulthood. The townsmen seem to have exacerbated the dispute by illegally entering FitzWalter's park in Lexden; in return, FitzWalter banned them from one of their own watermills and then, in 1342, he besieged the town, preventing anyone entering or leaving for some weeks, as well as ransacking much property and destroying the market. One historian has described him, in his activities, as the medieval equivalent of a 20th-century American racketeer. Other victims of his Essex gang were local jurors, royal officials, a man forced to abjure the realm, and the prior of Little Dunmow Abbey. (Full article...)
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Captain Otto Becher on the bridge of HMAS Warramunga c. 1951

Rear Admiral Otto Humphrey Becher, & Bar (13 September 1908 – 15 June 1977) was a senior officer in the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Born in Harvey, Western Australia, Becher entered the Royal Australian Naval College in 1922. After graduating in 1926, he was posted to a series of staff and training positions prior to specialising in gunnery.

A lieutenant commander at the outbreak of the Second World War, Becher assisted in the extraction of Allied troops from the Namsos region of Norway while aboard the heavy cruiser HMS Devonshire, and was decorated with the Distinguished Service Cross. Following service in the Mediterranean theatre, he returned to Australia in 1942 as officer-in-charge of the gunnery school at HMAS Cerberus. He spent two years at Cerberus before being given command of the Q class destroyer HMAS Quickmatch in March 1944. While commanding Quickmatch in operations against Japanese forces in the Pacific, Becher earned a Bar to his Distinguished Service Cross. (Full article...)
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Josiah Willard Gibbs (/ɡɪbz/; February 11, 1839 – April 28, 1903) was an American scientist who made significant theoretical contributions to physics, chemistry, and mathematics. His work on the applications of thermodynamics was instrumental in transforming physical chemistry into a rigorous deductive science. Together with James Clerk Maxwell and Ludwig Boltzmann, he created statistical mechanics (a term that he coined), explaining the laws of thermodynamics as consequences of the statistical properties of ensembles of the possible states of a physical system composed of many particles. Gibbs also worked on the application of Maxwell's equations to problems in physical optics. As a mathematician, he created modern vector calculus (independently of the British scientist Oliver Heaviside, who carried out similar work during the same period) and described the Gibbs phenomenon in the theory of Fourier analysis.

In 1863, Yale University awarded Gibbs the first American doctorate in engineering. After a three-year sojourn in Europe, Gibbs spent the rest of his career at Yale, where he was a professor of mathematical physics from 1871 until his death in 1903. Working in relative isolation, he became the earliest theoretical scientist in the United States to earn an international reputation and was praised by Albert Einstein as "the greatest mind in American history". In 1901, Gibbs received what was then considered the highest honor awarded by the international scientific community, the Copley Medal of the Royal Society of London, "for his contributions to mathematical physics". (Full article...)
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The Beatles in 1964; clockwise from top left: John Lennon, Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr and George Harrison

The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960. The core lineup of the band comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are widely regarded as the most influential band in Western popular music and were integral to the development of 1960s counterculture and the recognition of popular music as an art form. Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock 'n' roll, their sound incorporated elements of classical music and traditional pop in innovative ways. The band also explored music styles ranging from folk and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock. As pioneers in recording, songwriting and artistic presentation, the Beatles revolutionised many aspects of the music industry and were often publicised as leaders of the era's youth and sociocultural movements.

Led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the Beatles evolved from Lennon's previous group, the Quarrymen, and built their reputation by playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg, Germany, over three years starting in 1960, initially with Stuart Sutcliffe playing bass. The core trio of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison, together since 1958, went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before inviting Starr to join them in 1962. Manager Brian Epstein moulded them into a professional act, and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings, greatly expanding their domestic success after they signed with EMI and achieved their first hit, "Love Me Do", in late 1962. As their popularity grew into the intense fan frenzy dubbed "Beatlemania", the band acquired the nickname "the Fab Four". Epstein, Martin or other members of the band's entourage were sometimes informally referred to as a "fifth Beatle". (Full article...)
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Cabinet card of Massenet by Eugène Pirou, 1895

Jules Émile Frédéric Massenet (French pronunciation: [ʒyl emil fʁedeʁik masnɛ]; 12 May 1842 – 13 August 1912) was a French composer of the Romantic era best known for his operas, of which he wrote more than thirty. The two most frequently staged are Manon (1884) and Werther (1892). He also composed oratorios, ballets, orchestral works, incidental music, piano pieces, songs and other music.

While still a schoolboy, Massenet was admitted to France's principal music college, the Paris Conservatoire. There he studied under Ambroise Thomas, whom he greatly admired. After winning the country's top musical prize, the Prix de Rome, in 1863, he composed prolifically in many genres, but quickly became best known for his operas. Between 1867 and his death forty-five years later he wrote more than forty stage works in a wide variety of styles, from opéra-comique to grand-scale depictions of classical myths, romantic comedies, lyric dramas, as well as oratorios, cantatas and ballets. Massenet had a good sense of the theatre and of what would succeed with the Parisian public. Despite some miscalculations, he produced a series of successes that made him the leading composer of opera in France in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. (Full article...)
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Wilco at Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art, Solid Sound Fest, 2011. Pictured left to right: Patrick Sansone, Mikael Jorgensen, Jeff Tweedy, Nels Cline, Glenn Kotche, John Stirratt

Wilco is an American rock band based in Chicago. The band was formed in 1994 by the remaining members of alternative country group Uncle Tupelo after singer Jay Farrar's departure. Wilco's lineup changed frequently during its first decade, with only singer Jeff Tweedy and bassist John Stirratt remaining from the original incarnation. Since early 2004 the lineup has been unchanged, consisting of Tweedy, Stirratt, guitarist Nels Cline, multi-instrumentalist Pat Sansone, keyboard player Mikael Jorgensen, and drummer Glenn Kotche. Wilco has released thirteen studio albums, a live double album, and four collaborations: three with Billy Bragg and one with the Minus 5.

Wilco's music has been inspired by a wide variety of artists and styles including Bill Fay, the Beatles, and Television; in turn the band has influenced music by many modern alternative rock acts. The band continued in the alternative country style of Uncle Tupelo on its debut album A.M. (1995), but has since introduced more experimental aspects to their music, including elements of alternative rock and classic pop. Wilco's musical style has evolved from a 1990s country rock sound to a current "eclectic indie rock collective that touches on many eras and genres". (Full article...)
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Gate of the "family camp" at Auschwitz II–Birkenau

On the night of 5 April 1944, Siegfried Lederer, a Czech Jew, escaped from the Auschwitz concentration camp wearing an SS-TV uniform provided by SS-Rottenführer Viktor Pestek. Pestek opposed the Holocaust; he was a devout Catholic and was infatuated with Renée Neumann, a Jewish prisoner. Pestek accompanied Lederer out of the camp, and the two men traveled together to the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia to obtain false documents for Neumann and her mother.

Lederer, a former Czechoslovak Army officer and member of the Czech resistance, tried unsuccessfully to warn the Jews at Theresienstadt Ghetto about the mass murders at Auschwitz. He and Pestek returned to Auschwitz in an attempt to rescue Neumann and her mother. Pestek was arrested under disputed circumstances and later executed. Lederer returned to occupied Czechoslovakia, where he rejoined the resistance movement and attempted to smuggle a report on Auschwitz to the International Committee of the Red Cross in Switzerland. After the war he remained in Czechoslovakia. The story of the escape was retold by Lederer and writers including historian Erich Kulka. (Full article...)
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Photo, c. 1914

Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia (Russian: Анастасия Николаевна Романова, romanized: Anastasiya Nikolaevna Romanova; 18 June [O.S. 5 June] 1901 – 17 July 1918) was the youngest daughter of Tsar Nicholas II, the last sovereign of Imperial Russia, and his wife, Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna.

Anastasia was the younger sister of Grand Duchesses Olga, Tatiana, and Maria (commonly known together as the OTMA sisters) and was the elder sister of Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia. She was murdered with her family by a group of Bolsheviks in Yekaterinburg on 17 July 1918. (Full article...)
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Hay in 1897

John Milton Hay (October 8, 1838 – July 1, 1905) was an American statesman and official whose career in government stretched over almost half a century. Beginning as a private secretary and an assistant for Abraham Lincoln, he became a diplomat. He served as United States Secretary of State under Presidents William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt. Hay was also a biographer of Lincoln, and wrote poetry and other literature throughout his life.

Born in Salem, Indiana to an anti-slavery family that moved to Warsaw, Illinois, Hay showed great potential from an early age, and his family sent him to Brown University. After graduation in 1858, Hay read law in his uncle's office in Springfield, Illinois, adjacent to that of Lincoln. Hay worked for Lincoln's successful presidential campaign and became one of his private secretaries in the White House. Throughout the American Civil War, Hay was close to Lincoln and stood by his deathbed after the President was shot. In addition to his other literary works, Hay co-authored, with John George Nicolay, a ten-volume biography of Lincoln that helped shape the assassinated president's historical image. (Full article...)
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Portrait from 1846

Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy (3 February 1809 – 4 November 1847), widely known as Felix Mendelssohn, was a German composer, pianist, organist and conductor of the early Romantic period. Mendelssohn's compositions include symphonies, concertos, piano music, organ music and chamber music. His best-known works include the overture and incidental music for A Midsummer Night's Dream (which includes his "Wedding March"), the Italian and Scottish Symphonies, the oratorios St. Paul and Elijah, the Hebrides Overture, the mature Violin Concerto, the String Octet, and the melody used in the Christmas carol "Hark! The Herald Angels Sing". Mendelssohn's Songs Without Words are his most famous solo piano compositions.

Mendelssohn's grandfather was the Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn, but Felix was initially raised without religion until he was baptised aged seven into the Reformed Christian church. He was recognised early as a musical prodigy, but his parents were cautious and did not seek to capitalise on his talent. His sister Fanny Mendelssohn received a similar musical education and was a talented composer and pianist in her own right; some of her early songs were published under her brother's name and her Easter Sonata was for a time mistakenly attributed to him after being lost and rediscovered in the 1970s. (Full article...)
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Leelah Alcorn (November 15, 1997 – December 28, 2014) was an American transgender girl whose suicide attracted international attention. Prior to her death, she had posted a suicide note to her Tumblr blog about societal standards affecting transgender people and expressing the hope that her death would create a dialogue about discrimination, abuse, and lack of support for transgender people.

Born and raised in Kings Mills, Ohio, Alcorn was assigned male at birth and grew up in a family affiliated with the Churches of Christ movement. At age 14, she came out as transgender to her parents, Carla and Doug Alcorn, who refused to accept her female gender identity. When she was 16, they denied her request to undergo transition treatment, instead sending her to Christian-based conversion therapy with the intention of convincing her to reject her gender identity and accept the gender that she was assigned at birth. After she revealed her attraction toward males to her classmates, her parents removed her from school and revoked her access to social media. In her suicide note, Alcorn cited loneliness and alienation as key reasons for her decision to end her life and blamed her parents for causing these feelings. (Full article...)
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John Douglas, photograph published in 1890

John Douglas (11 April 1830 – 23 May 1911) was an English architect who designed over 500 buildings in Cheshire, North Wales, and northwest England, in particular in the estate of Eaton Hall. He was trained in Lancaster and practised throughout his career from an office in Chester. Initially he ran the practice on his own, but from 1884 until two years before his death he worked in partnerships with two of his former assistants.

Douglas's output included new churches, restoring and renovating existing churches, church furnishings, new houses and alterations to existing houses, and a variety of other buildings, including shops, banks, offices, schools, memorials and public buildings. His architectural styles were eclectic. Douglas worked during the period of the Gothic Revival, and many of his works incorporate elements of the English Gothic style. He was also influenced by architectural styles from the mainland of Europe and included elements of French, German and Dutch architecture. However he is probably best remembered for his incorporation of vernacular elements in his buildings, in particular half-timbering, influenced by the black-and-white revival in Chester. Other vernacular elements he incorporated include tile-hanging, pargeting and the use of decorative brick in diapering and the design of tall chimney stacks. Of particular importance is Douglas's use of joinery and highly detailed wood carving. (Full article...)
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Khan in 2018

Shah Rukh Khan (pronounced [ˈʃɑːɦɾʊx xɑːn] ; born 2 November 1965), also known by the initialism SRK, is an Indian actor and film producer who works in Hindi cinema. Referred to in the media as the "Baadshah of Bollywood" and "King Khan", he has appeared in more than 100 films, and earned numerous accolades, including 14 Filmfare Awards. He has been awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India, as well as the Order of Arts and Letters and Legion of Honour by the Government of France. Khan has a significant following in Asia and the Indian diaspora worldwide. In terms of audience size and income, several media outlets have described him as one of the most successful film stars in the world. Many of his films thematise Indian national identity and connections with diaspora communities, or gender, racial, social and religious differences and grievances.

Khan began his career with appearances in several television series in the late 1980s and made his Bollywood debut in 1992 with the musical romance Deewana. He was initially recognised for playing villainous roles in the films Baazigar (1993) and Darr (1993). Khan established himself by starring in a series of top-grossing romantic films, including Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge (1995), Dil To Pagal Hai (1997), Kuch Kuch Hota Hai (1998), Mohabbatein (2000), Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham... (2001), Kal Ho Naa Ho (2003), Veer-Zaara (2004) and Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna (2006). He earned critical acclaim for his portrayal of an alcoholic in the period romantic drama Devdas (2002), a NASA scientist in the social drama Swades (2004), a hockey coach in the sports drama Chak De! India (2007), and a man with Asperger syndrome in the drama My Name Is Khan (2010). Further commercial successes came with the romances Om Shanti Om (2007) and Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi (2008), and with his expansion to comedies in Chennai Express (2013) and Happy New Year (2014). Following a brief setback and hiatus, Khan made a career comeback with the 2023 action thrillers Pathaan and Jawan, both of which rank among the highest-grossing Indian films. (Full article...)

Today anniversaries

Pre-1600

695 – Muhammad ibn al-Qasim, Umayyad general (d. 715)
1378 – Pope Callixtus III (d. 1458)
1491 – Jacques Cartier, French navigator and explorer (d. 1557)
1493 – Eleonora Gonzaga, Duchess of Urbino (d. 1570)
1504 – Beatrice of Portugal, Duchess of Savoy (d. 1538)
1514 – Andreas Vesalius, Belgian anatomist, physician, and author (d. 1564)
1539 – John Radcliffe, English politician (d. 1568)
1550 – Henry I, Duke of Guise (d. 1588)
1552 – Simon Forman, English occultist and astrologer (d. 1611)
1572 – Emperor Go-Yōzei of Japan, (d. 1617)
1585 – Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, Spanish general and politician, 24th Governor of the Duchy of Milan (d. 1645)

1601–1900

1668 – Herman Boerhaave, Dutch botanist and physician (d. 1738)
1714 – Arima Yoriyuki, Japanese mathematician and educator (d. 1783)
1720 – Charles Edward Stuart, Scottish claimant to the throne of England (d. 1788)
1738 – Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, English general and politician, 3rd Governor-General of India (d. 1805)
1741 – Gottfried August Bürger, German poet and academic (d. 1794)
1763 – Pierre-Charles Villeneuve, French admiral (d. 1806)
1776 – Johann Spurzheim, German-American physician and phrenologist (d. 1832)
1798 – Friedrich Robert Faehlmann, Estonian physician, philologist, and academic (d. 1850)
1805 – Marie d'Agoult, German-French historian and author (d. 1876)
1815 – George Meade, American general and engineer (d. 1872)
1830 – Isma'il Pasha, Egyptian ruler (d. 1895)
1830 – Alexander Smith, Scottish poet and critic (d. 1867)
1833 – Hugh Nelson Scottish-Australian politician, 11th Premier of Queensland (d. 1906)
1834 – Queen Kapiolani of Hawaii (d. 1899)
1838 – Émile Loubet, French lawyer and politician, 7th President of France (d. 1929)
1842 – Giovanni Boldini, Italian painter (d. 1931)
1851 – Henry Carter Adams, American economist and academic (d. 1921)
1855 – Giovanni Pascoli, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1912)
1857 – King Kelly, American baseball player and manager (d. 1894)
1860 – Joseph S. Cullinan, American businessman, co-founded Texaco (d. 1937)
1864 – Robert Grant Aitken, American astronomer and academic (d. 1951)
1869 – Henri Matisse, French painter and sculptor (d. 1954)
1872 – Fred Marriott, American race car driver (d. 1956)
1873 – Konstantin Konik, Estonian surgeon and politician, 19th Estonian Minister of Education (d. 1936)
1874 – Julius Meier, American businessman and politician, 20th Governor of Oregon (d. 1937)
1877 – Lawrence Beesley, English journalist and author (d. 1967)
1878 – Elizabeth Arden, Canadian businesswoman, founded Elizabeth Arden, Inc. (d. 1966)
1878 – Horacio Quiroga, Uruguayan-Argentinian author, poet, and playwright (d. 1937)
1880 – Fred Beebe, American baseball player and coach (d. 1957)
1880 – George Marshall, American general and politician, 50th United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1959)
1881 – Max Pechstein, German painter and academic (d. 1955)
1884 – Bobby Byrne, American baseball and soccer player (d. 1964)
1884 – Mihály Fekete, Hungarian actor, screenwriter, and film director (d. 1960)
1885 – Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein (d. 1970)
1899 – Silvestre Revueltas, Mexican violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1940)

1901–present

1901 – Karl-August Fagerholm, Finnish politician, valtioneuvos, the Speaker of the Parliament and the Prime Minister of Finland (d. 1984)
1901 – Nikos Ploumpidis, Greek educator and politician (d. 1954)
1902 – Lionel Daunais, Canadian singer-songwriter (d. 1982)
1902 – Roy Goodall, English footballer (d. 1982)
1903 – William Heynes, English engineer (d. 1989)
1905 – Helen Dodson Prince, American astronomer and academic (d. 2002)
1908 – Simon Wiesenthal, Ukrainian-Austrian Nazi hunter and author (d. 2005)
1909 – Jonah Jones, American trumpet player and saxophonist (d. 2000)
1910 – Carl Dudley, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1973)
1910 – Enrique Maier, Spanish tennis player (d. 1981)
1911 – Dal Stivens, Australian soldier and author (d. 1997)
1912 – John Frost, Indian-English general (d. 1993)
1914 – Mary Logan Reddick, American neuroembryologist (d. 1966)
1915 – Sam Ragan, American journalist, author, and poet (d. 1996)
1917 – Evelyn Knight, American singer (d. 2007)
1917 – Wilfrid Noyce, English mountaineer and author (d. 1962)
1918 – Ray Graves, American football player and coach (d. 2015)
1919 – Tommy Byrne, American baseball player, coach, and politician (d. 2007)
1919 – Carmen Contreras-Bozak, Puerto Rican-American soldier (d. 2017)
1920 – Rex Allen, American actor and singer-songwriter (d. 1999)
1922 – Tomás Balduino, Brazilian bishop (d. 2014)
1922 – Halina Czerny-Stefańska, Polish pianist and educator (d. 2001)
1922 – Luis Zuloaga, Venezuelan baseball player (d. 2013)
1923 – Giannis Dalianidis, Greek actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2010)
1924 – Taylor Mead, American actor and poet (d. 2013)
1925 – Irina Korschunow, German author and screenwriter (d. 2013)
1925 – Sri Lal Sukla, Indian author (d. 2011)
1925 – Daphne Oram, British composer and electronic musician (d. 2003)
1926 – Valerie Pearl, English historian and academic (d. 2016)
1926 – Billy Snedden, Australian lawyer and politician, 17th Attorney-General for Australia (d. 1987)
1928 – Ross Barbour, American pop singer (d. 2011)
1928 – Hugh McElhenny, American football player (d. 2022)
1928 – Veijo Meri, Finnish author and translator (d. 2015)
1928 – Tatyana Shmyga, Russian actress and singer (d. 2011)
1928 – Siné, French cartoonist (d. 2016)
1929 – Mies Bouwman, Dutch television host (d. 2018)
1929 – Peter May, English cricketer (d. 1994)
1930 – Jaime Escalante, Bolivian-American educator (d. 2010)
1930 – Odetta, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress (d. 2008)
1931 – Bob Shaw, Northern Irish journalist and author (d. 1996)
1932 – Don James, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
1932 – Felix Rexhausen, German journalist and author (d. 1992)
1933 – Edward Bunker, American author, screenwriter, and actor (d. 2005)
1934 – Ameer Muhammad Akram Awan, Indian author, poet, and scholar (d. 2017)
1937 – Avram Hershko, Hungarian-Israeli biochemist and physician, Nobel Prize laureate
1937 – Barry Hughes, Welsh footballer and manager (d. 2019)
1937 – Tess Jaray, Austrian-English painter and educator
1938 – Rosalind Cash, American singer and actress (d. 1995)
1938 – Atje Keulen-Deelstra, Dutch speed skater (d. 2013)
1939 – Willye White, American sprinter and long jumper (d. 2007)
1940 – Mani Neumeier, German drummer
1941 – Sir Alex Ferguson, Scottish footballer and manager
1944 – Taylor Hackford, American director, producer, and screenwriter
1945 – Connie Willis, American author
1946 – Roy Greenslade, English journalist and academic
1946 – Bryan Hamilton, Northern Irish footballer and coach
1946 – Raphael Kaplinsky, South African international development academic
1946 – Pius Ncube, Zimbabwean archbishop
1946 – Lyudmila Pakhomova, Russian ice dancer (d. 1986)
1946 – Cliff Richey, American tennis player
1946 – Eric Robson, Scottish journalist and author
1946 – Nigel Rudd, English businessman, founded Williams Holdings
1946 – Tim Stevens, English bishop
1948 – Sandy Jardine, Scottish footballer and manager (d. 2014)
1949 – Ellen Datlow, American anthologist and author
1949 – Flora Gomes, Bissau-Guinean filmmaker
1949 – Susan Shwartz, American author
1950 – Bob Gilder, American golfer
1950 – Inge Helten, German sprinter
1950 – Cheryl Womack, American businesswoman
1951 – Kenny Roberts, American motorcycle racer
1952 – Vaughan Jones, New Zealand mathematician and academic (d. 2020)
1952 – Jean-Pierre Rives, French rugby player, painter, and sculptor
1953 – Jane Badler, American actress
1954 – Alex Salmond, Scottish economist and politician, First Minister of Scotland (d. 2024)
1954 – Hermann Tilke, German racing driver, architect and engineer
1956 – Robert Goodwill, English farmer and politician
1956 – Helma Knorscheidt, German shot putter
1956 – Steve Rude, American author and illustrator
1958 – Geoff Marsh, Australian cricketer and coach
1959 – Liveris Andritsos, Greek basketball player
1959 – Val Kilmer, American actor
1959 – Phill Kline, American lawyer and politician, Kansas Attorney General
1959 – Baron Waqa, Nauruan composer and politician, 14th President of Nauru
1960 – Steve Bruce, English footballer and manager
1961 – Rick Aguilera, American baseball player and coach
1961 – Jeremy Heywood, English economist and civil servant (d. 2018)
1961 – Nina Li Chi, Hong Kong actress
1962 – Tyrone Corbin, American basketball player and coach
1962 – Chris Hallam, English-Welsh swimmer and wheelchair racer (d. 2013)
1962 – Jennifer Higdon, American composer
1964 – Winston Benjamin, Antiguan cricketer
1964 – Michael McDonald, American comedian, actor, and director
1965 – Tony Dorigo, Australian-English footballer and sportscaster
1965 – Julie Doucet, Canadian cartoonist and author
1965 – Laxman Sivaramakrishnan, Indian cricketer
1967 – Paul McGregor, Australian rugby league player and coach
1968 – Gerry Dee, Canadian comedian, actor, and screenwriter
1968 – Junot Diaz, Dominican-born American novelist, short story writer, and essayist
1970 – Jorjão, Brazilian footballer
1970 – Danny McNamara, English singer-songwriter
1970 – Carlos Morales Quintana, Spanish-Danish architect and sailor
1970 – Bryon Russell, American basketball player
1971 – Brent Barry, American basketball player and sportscaster
1971 – Esteban Loaiza, Mexican baseball player
1971 – Heath Shuler, American football player and politician
1972 – Grégory Coupet, French footballer
1972 – Scott Manley, Scottish YouTube personality
1973 – Shandon Anderson, American basketball player
1973 – Malcolm Middleton, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
1973 – Curtis Myden, Canadian swimmer
1974 – Mario Aerts, Belgian cyclist
1974 – Tony Kanaan, Brazilian race car driver
1974 – Ryan Sakoda, Japanese-American wrestler and trainer
1975 – Rami Alanko, Finnish ice hockey player
1975 – Toni Kuivasto, Finnish footballer and coach
1975 – Rob Penders, Dutch footballer
1975 – Sander Schutgens, Dutch runner
1976 – Luís Carreira, Portuguese motorcycle racer (d. 2012)
1976 – Matthew Hoggard, English cricketer
1977 – Wardy Alfaro, Costa Rican footballer and coach
1979 – Paul O'Neill, English racing driver
1979 – Jeff Waldstreicher, American lawyer and politician
1979 – Ricky Whittle, British actor
1980 – Jesse Carlson, American baseball player
1980 – Matt Cross, American wrestler
1980 – Richie McCaw, New Zealand rugby player
1980 – Carsten Schlangen, German runner
1981 – Jason Campbell, American football player
1981 – Francisco García, Dominican basketball player
1981 – Matthew Pavlich, Australian footballer
1981 – Margaret Simpson, Ghanaian heptathlete
1982 – Julio DePaula, Dominican baseball player
1982 – Craig Gordon, Scottish footballer
1982 – Luke Schenscher, Australian basketball player
1982 – The Rocket Summer, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1983 – Jana Veselá, Czech basketball player
1984 – Corey Crawford, Canadian ice hockey player
1984 – Ben Hannant, Australian rugby league player
1984 – Édgar Lugo, Mexican footballer
1984 – Calvin Zola, Congolese footballer
1985 – Jonathan Horton, American gymnast
1985 – Jan Smit, Dutch singer and television host
1986 – Nate Freiman, American baseball player
1986 – Kade Snowden, Australian rugby league player
1987 – Javaris Crittenton, American basketball player
1987 – Seydou Doumbia, Ivorian footballer
1987 – Danny Holla, Dutch footballer
1987 – Nemanja Nikolić, Hungarian footballer
1988 – Michal Řepík, Czech ice hockey player
1989 – Ryo Aitaka, Japanese kickboxer and professional wrestler
1989 – Kelvin Herrera, Dominican baseball player
1991 – Dennis Everberg, Swedish ice hockey player
1991 – Djené, Togolese footballer
1991 – ND Stevenson, American cartoonist
1992 – Amy Cure, Australian track cyclist
1992 – Karl Kruuda, Estonian racing driver
1995 – Gabby Douglas, American gymnast
1995 – Edmond Sumner, American basketball player
1996 – J. J. Arcega-Whiteside, Spanish-American football player
1997 – Ludovic Blas, French footballer
1997 – Cameron Carter-Vickers, English-American soccer player
1997 – Bright Osayi-Samuel, Nigerian footballer
1999 – Calvin Bassey, Italian-Nigerian footballer
1999 – Leif Davis, English footballer
2000 – Alycia Parks, American tennis player
2001 – Katie Volynets, American tennis player
2002 – Ryan Flamingo, Dutch footballer
2002 – Joe Scally, American soccer player (Full article...)

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